If you have multiple devices or computers at home, and they all need access to the same data, it takes too long to copy them from one device to another. That’s when you need a central device that can serve all the other devices simultaneously.

This is where a home server comes into play. It’s a computer that typically runs 24/7, equipped with special hard disks suitable for continuous operation and providing enough space for various applications.

The connection to the server can be either physical via a network cable or wirelessly through Wi-Fi. You can also attach additional devices like printers or scanners to the server. Over the network, guest computers can access data, programs, or virtual machines on the server.

Some of the possible applications include:

• Media server with movies, photos, and music.
• Web proxy, which helps save web traffic when multiple users access the same web data or restrict sensitive content – ideal for families with children.
• Storage for surveillance cameras.
• Home automation, controlling various devices in the house via the internet.
• Telephone system.

Since it’s a server, it should always be running. It’s recommended to use an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) to prevent data loss in case of power interruptions.

You should also factor in the additional power consumption when considering the costs and the type of server you need. Home servers can run on various operating systems: Windows, Mac, or Linux. Especially in the home environment where cost considerations are important, using free software like Proxmox VE or Ubuntu Server Edition can be beneficial.